Sarmashad Qandejan Kalikuheh, Parsa Ghasemi

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Ghandejān and Dašt-e Bārin are toponyms of an ancient city or area in the southwestern of Pars region, referred to by most of the Early to Middle-period Islamic historians and geographers. In some of these texts, only the name of Dašt-e Bārin is mentioned; in others, the name of Ghandejān. Sometimes both toponyms appear together, and it is mentioned that Ghandejān is the center of Dašt-e Bārin. According to the geographers, Ghandejān city was one of the major centers of ancient Pārs and the production hub for aristocratic textiles, kilim, jājim (carpets), and pillows. Ghandejān was also one of the caravan stations on the road from the center of Pārs (Šīrāz) to the sea (Persian Gulf). Since 2004, the author, in search of the city of Ghandejān or Dašt-e Bārin, has conducted some archaeological investigations of the potential geographical zone of Ghandejān (in the southern Pārs Region which today includes the areas west of Firuzābād and Farāšband, east of Daštestān/Borāzjān, and south of Kāzerūn counties), which all Islamic geographers, have mentioned. The result of these field surveys was the identification of many large archaeological sites, dated to the Sasanian and Early to Middle